哲学する建築家、白井晟一

  
 一昨日、パナソニック電工汐留ミュージアムの『建築家白井晟一 精神と空間』展を訪れた。白井晟一(しらい せいいち)という建築家のことを僕は知らなかっただが、人にすすめられて行ってみたら、これが思いのほか、よかった。

 白井晟一さんは30年近く前に亡くなったいる。なぜこのタイミングで展覧会を行っているのか、展覧会カタログの序文にあたる「ごあいさつ」を読んでもよく分からない。

 ただ、その「ごあいさつ」の中に、興味深い記述がいくつかある。

「学問としての哲学に興味を持ち、姉の勧めで進学した京都高等工芸学校(現京都工芸繊維大学)卒業後、哲学を学ぶためドイツに留学」

「木造住宅建築や浅草の善照寺、佐世保の親和銀行といった、機能主義、合理主義を軸に展開した戦後日本のモダニズムの潮流とスタンスを置いた建築作品を発表」

「20代後半ドイツに留学した白井は、1928年から33年のヨーロッパにあって独自の教養を身につけていきます。当時世界は全体主義への流れの中にあり、近代は輝かしいものではなく、ハイデルベルクやベルリンで学んだカントやディルタイ、ヤスパースやフッサールの哲学はその近代を理解し対峙する手立てとなり、加えて幼児期に経験した禅と書がその独自性を肉づけし、そして壮年期に入って、白井は顔眞卿、黄庭堅、米芾らを師として本格的に書と取り組んでいきます」

「本展では、白井晟一の建築作品に関連する写真やドローイング、模型、そして素晴らしく美しい図面とともに、書、装丁、エッセイなどを通して、これまで孤高と言われてきた白井晟一の全貌を紹介していきます」

 と、引用をしすぎた感もある。

 哲学にも造詣が深く、白井さんはひとつひとつの建物に思想を込めていたのかもしれない。だから、おそらく多作ではないのだろうと思ったが、カタログの作品リストで確認すると、実際の作品が80、計画で終わったものは26。この数は、現代日本を代表する建築家のひとり、安藤忠雄さんなどと比べるともしかしたら少ないのかもしれないが、展示を見ながら僕が想像していたよりはずっと多い。

 理想を極限まで追い求め、そのぶん、実現しないことも多い。そういう建築家なのかなと思いながら、展覧会場をまわっていた僕の予想は外れた。

 書も素晴らしかったが、僕が驚いたのは、白井さんの装丁。水上勉『くるま椅子の歌』は古書店かどこかで見たことがあり、「おおっ、これの装丁をしはったんか」とびっくり。ここにも紹介されているが、『チェーホフ小説集』の美しさに見とれてしまった。

 
 
 
 上記は、白井作品のクオリティの高さとは正反対に位置するような、僕のスケッチ。まあ、ご愛嬌ということで勘弁願いたい。

 今回の展覧会、派手ではないが、白井さんの思想や丁寧な仕事ぶりにふれ、大量消費社会やビルド&スクラップの風潮などを考えさせられた。展覧会場のスペースがもっと広ければ、より良かったと思う。

 展示替えがあるようなので、「後半」展にもぜひ足を運んでみたい。
 
 
 


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  16. The BioFoundry: Glycoscience Resources, Education, And Training (BioF:GREAT) will develop new research, technologies, and instructional experiences to allow a broader adoption of glycoscience into research environments and education curriculums. Although glycans, also referred to as complex carbohydrates, are one of the four classes of biomolecules found in all living organisms, they have been consistently understudied in the laboratory and undertaught in the classroom. This is despite the fact that biofuel and biomaterial efforts rely heavily on glycan biomass from plants, the vast majority of biologics in medicine are glycoproteins, and glycans are found on cell surfaces of all living cells where they contribute to cell interactions and diverse biological functions. Unlike DNA/RNA and proteins, glycans are rarely linear polymers and are not generated by template-based processes. This complexity has made them difficult to study at the bench and challenging to teach in the classroom. BioF:GREAT will leverage a broad range of expertise, including AI and machine learning, to generate research tools and technologies, while also developing and deploying novel instructional and training strategies, resources, research materials, and automated tools in the field to propel glycoscience into the scientific mainstream and lead to paradigm shifts in glycoscience education. BioF:GREAT discoveries and deliverables are expected to lead to commercial applications in bioenergy, bioengineering, biomaterials, and biomedicine. The BioFoundry: Glycoscience Resources, Education, And Training (BioF:GREAT) will take advantage of the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center (CCRC) at the University of Georgia (UGA), home to one of the largest communities of glycobiologists in the world, coupled with UGA experts in bioinformatics/machine learning and pedagogy/evaluation. The Research team will focus on three synergistic goals: 1) bioinformatic tools/machine learning/artificial intelligence (AI) to predict and define glycoenzymes and glycoproteins, 2) glycoenzyme expression, characterization, and manipulation, and 3) mass spectrometry-facilitated analyses of glycan modifications. The Technology Development team will focus on four themes that will generate 1) expression libraries for glycoenzymes from diverse species sources, 2) fine-tuned protein language models and new user-friendly informatics tools for classifying and predicting glycoenzymes and site-specific glycosylation of glycoproteins, 3) engineered glycoenzymes for generating novel chemical biology tools, and 4) species-agnostic methods for the mass spectrometry-based analyses of glycoproteins. The User Facility will provide hands-on training and service using cutting-edge computational, enzymatic, and analytical glycoscience approaches. Collaboration among User Facility, Research, and Technology Development teams will lead to the deployment of new technologies to catalyze in-house research and technology development efforts. The User Facility will equally focus on external glycobiology research projects spanning the tree of life in partnerships with scientists at R1 and non-R1 schools including minority-, primarily undergraduate-, and EPSCoR-serving institutions. The Education/Instruction team will establish and evaluate a suite of instructional experiences, including small modules for existing chemistry/biology courses, dedicated stand-alone glycoscience courses at the undergraduate/graduate level, and hands-on summer courses for beginners and experts with rigorous attention to best pedagogical practices and evaluation for improvement. Our Platform-Sharing team will facilitate the transfer of deliverables from the bench and the classroom to academic, government, and commercial/industrial research communities using a knowledge graph framework consistent with the Prototype Open Knowledge Network (Proto-OKN). By providing equitable access to advanced infrastructure and resources in glycoscience, BioF:GREAT will advance scientific inquiry and education in biosciences across all kingdoms of life.
    Co-fermentation of cellulosic biomass and grain to produce bioethanol has been proposed to integrate first- and second-generation biofuel production technologies. This method can relieve the food versus fuel competition due to the use of edible matter of crop in first-generation biofuel production. It can also boost the low ethanol concentration and thus reduce the unit production cost when using cellulosic biomass as well as green the energy footprints when preprocessing cellulosic biomass in second-generation biofuel production. In this paper, we examine the economic performance and environmental footprint of the biofuel supply chain using co-fermentation production technology. The cost and greenhouse gas emissions per unit bioethanol produced are quantified and compared to the performances of first- and second-generation biofuel production technologies. The mathematical models for the biofuel supply chain using three different biomass types are proposed. A numerical case study based on the State of Missouri in the United States is implemented. The results of the case study show that a co-fermentation based supply chain can effectively address the concern of food versus fuel competition of corn sourced supply chain and the issues of low sugar yield, high energy footprints, and high unit cost of corn stover sourced supply chain.
    2019 Linda M. Vu. All rights reserved. This work is freely available courtesy of the author. It may only be used for non-commercial, educational, and research purposes. For all other uses, including reproduction and distribution, please contact the copyright holder.
    Pseudomonas aeruginosa can attach to surfaces and form aggregates known as biofilms. It has been previously found that P. aeruginosa cultivated in space form thicker and structurally different biofilms than those grown in Earth gravity. The purpose of our study was to investigate how microgravity, simulated in a laboratory setting, would influence the biofilm formation abilities of P. aeruginosa PA14 wild type strain as well as mutants ΔflgK and ΔpelA. While ΔflgK is defective in the initialization of biofilm formation, ΔpelA is hindered in biofilm growth and maintenance. The bacteria were cultivated in a High Aspect Ratio Vessel (HARV) on a Rotary Cell Culture System (RCCS) that was used to simulate microgravity. For the Earth gravity control cultures, the RCCS was oriented horizontally and cultures were rotated in HARVS around a vertical axis. Incubation time was six days, and, in contrast to studies done by others, the bacteria were allowed to grow into stationary phase without replenishment of culture medium. At the end of the incubation time, the bacteria were extracted and cultured in a 24-well plate under identical conditions in Earth gravity. After 24 hours, the robustness of biofilm formation was compared by removing the soluble culture from the wells, staining with crystal violet, solubilizing the remaining biofilm, and quantifying spectrophotometrically. Additionally, the concentration of pyocyanin produced during cultivation was determined through extraction and spectrophotometry. Cultures grown under simulated microgravity had a lower biofilm formation ability as well as lower pyocyanin production compared to those grown under Earth gravity. This raises the possibility that P. aeruginosa experiencing nutritional starvation under long-term simulated microgravity may become less virulent.
    Vu, Linda M. , ’19, “Cultivation in Long-term Simulated Microgravity is Detrimental to Biofilm Formation Ability and Pyocyanin Production of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 Wild Type, ΔflgK, and ΔpelA” (2019). Senior Theses, Projects, and Awards. 158.
    White root disease which cause by Rigidoporus Microporus fungus are the most destructive and serious disease among the three major root disease in rubber plantation. Biological control using stems extract of kemunting cina (Catharanthus roseus) have been used as a healing agent of infected rubber trees. The objectives of the study are to determine the ability of stems extract from kemunting cina to control white root disease of rubber trees and to observe the plants performance towards the fungus. Stems of the plant were soaked in dichloromethane (DCM) solution because the solvent was found as the best extraction for the treatments. Three batches of rubber trees were prepared in the research, which consists of five trees. Group A was a control, while the trees in Group B were planted with fungus and the trees in Group C was applied with the stems extract together with the fungus. Five hundred ml of extracts was used as biofungicides against white root disease. The chlorophyll, diameter, height and number of leaves were recorded. Among the three groups of rubber trees, Group C shows the ability of extract to inhabit against Rigidoporus Microporus growth refers to the improvement of growth performance of the plants. The stem extracts of kemunting cina were antagonistic inhibited against Rigidoporus microporus fungus.
    Medical device-related infection has become a significant problem for the increasingnumbers of patients who otherwise benefit from temporarily inserted or long-termimplanted devices (1). The reason for this may be illustrated by a relatively simpleanalogy whereby the insertion of a urethral catheter is visualized as comparable tobuilding a bridge between the outside world and the sterile bladder, along which bacteria can travel (2). The biofilm mode of growth on medical device biomaterialsis of particular importance in device-related infection as this confers a number ofadvantages on bacteria, not least of which is extreme resistance to therapy with consequent patient detriment (3). These aspects are further detailed elsewhere in thisbook. Microbial biofilms can form on any medical device ranging from those thatare relatively easily inserted and removed such as catheters, endotracheal and nasogastric tubes, and contact lenses to those that are long-term implants such as hipjoints, cardiac valves, and intraocular lenses. The greatly increased resistance ofmicrobial biofilms to antimicrobial agents means these device-related infections canoften only be treated after removal of the medical device, when this is a viableoption, thereby increasing the trauma to the patient and the cost of the treatment (4). https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ncLyZYVC8dX-InEw1LlFxw1SJbRSlIeE/view
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  17. The Door to his Heart Lock is the lock which needed to be solved to enter Charles chamber. Behind the door the Detective finally finds Charles Dalimar himself inside the soul machine trying to regenerate his powers.
    After the puzzle is discovered there is only one heart shaped slot in the middle of the door surrounded by metal plates with roses engraved into them. The player now needs to find Emmas golden amulet to open the metal plates to uncover ten heart shaped slots surrounding the middle area. The amulet can be found in the hands of the statue resembling Emma. After placing the amulet in the middle the metal plates will open and the player will need to find ten heart shaped gems arround the Ravenhearst estate.
    Note: The other 8 locations are random every single time. The player is advised to look all around the possible hidden object locations (including Victor’s Cottage) and all around the manor in order to find all 8 hearts in every playthrough attempt.
    After successfully finding the ten hearts the player needs to place those hearts into the sockets of the door (there is no special order or a special position for each heart). After placing every heart down the door will open, revealing Charles chamber.
    Mystery Case Files is a video game series originally developed by the internal studios of Big Fish Games. Sequels were then developed by Elephant Games between 2013 and 2014 and Eipix Entertainment between 2015 and 2019. The newest installments have been developed by GrandMA Studios since 2020. The Mystery Case Files series is known for its hidden object puzzles where, in order to progress through a game, the player plays the role of a Master Detective and must find a certain number of items hidden somewhere on a painted scene.
    In 2007, Big Fish Games estimated that “100 million people have at least sampled trial versions”[1] of the Mystery Case Files games since the initial launch of Mystery Case Files: Huntsville.
    Like all Mystery Case Files titles, Huntsville relies heavily on hidden object gameplay. Upon completing each hidden object puzzle, players return to their Crime Computer where they solve subsequent puzzles in order to gather evidence and help pinpoint the thief. A player is given a limited amount of time to complete each puzzle. If the player fails to successfully complete a puzzle in this time, they must begin again with an entirely new scenario.
    Prime Suspects relies heavily on hidden object gameplay as well, but introduces a new device that will only work if the player finds batteries in any hidden object scene. The device enables the player to see through walls to find the hidden object. The player has to gather evidence in a limited amount of time and deduce which suspect is most likely to have stolen the Queen’s Hope Diamond.
    Ravenhearst allows the player to gather the missing pages of Emma’s diary by relying heavily on hidden object scenes. Puzzles are introduced to the gameplay as players must solve them to unlock each door in the manor in order to access the locked rooms. At the end of the game, keys must be found all around the manor in order to free Emma’s soul from the mansion.
    Mystery Case Files: Huntsville is the first installment in the Mystery Case Files franchise and was released in November 2005. The player takes the role of a master detective to solve a series of seemingly random crimes in the small town of Huntsville. The game features a number of locations to explore and introduced the Crime Computer which is still a main part of the series.[2][3]
    Following its release, Mystery Case Files: Huntsville broke all previous casual game sales records by over 100%, selling over $1 million worth of digitally distributed (downloaded) copies in under three months.[4] As a result, it moved into the top 10 sales positions on all major casual game distribution websites.[5]
    It was initially released as an online game download for the PC and soon after for the Mac OS. In July 2006, Big Fish Games signed an agreement with Activision Value to distribute the game beginning in September at retail locations throughout the United States.[6]
    Mystery Case Files: Prime Suspects is the second installment and was released in April 2006. The player is tasked with investigating the disappearance of the Queen’s Hope Diamond in Capital City. Prime Suspects added items that players have to discover to unlock later levels (such as finding a battery to power a flashlight). Characters also became a more prominent part of the series with the investigation revolving around multiple characters with different personalities.[7][8]
    Mystery Case Files: Ravenhearst is the third installment in the series, was released in December 2006 and features an investigation centered on a mysterious manor located in England. Players find objects to unlock diary pieces to follow the life of Emma Ravenhearst, in the year 1894 in Blackpool. Through the diary entries, the player learns how Emma travelled from America to England to be a teacher and fell in love with a man named Charles Dalimar.
    Ravenhearst introduced elaborate door puzzles to the series that were similar to a Rube Goldberg-type puzzle. It was re-released for the Nintendo DS in April 2013.[11][12][13][14] Ravenhearst was “the third-best-selling PC title in the United States for the week ending in the annual Black Friday shopping splurge” selling 100,000 copies in six weeks.[15]
    Mystery Case Files: Madame Fate is the fourth installment and was released in November 2007. The player investigates Madame Fate’s Carnival and the carnival workers to see which one of them causes the fortune teller’s death at midnight.
    Madame Fate introduces more types of puzzles (including word puzzles and multiple crystal ball puzzles) while also changing the way a player can find items. Sometimes the player must combine two items on the screen, other times they must locate hidden areas to progress. The bulk of the game is still finding hidden objects, but there are a lot of other types of puzzles. The game also introduces morphing objects that players must find in each scene to unlock three secret areas that are located in the carnival. Madame Fate also introduced hidden object scenes inside hidden object scenes into the gameplay.[16][17][18]
    Mystery Case Files: Return to Ravenhearst is the fifth installment in the franchise and was released in November 2008.[19] This game is the second installment in the “Ravenhearst” story arc.[20][21][22]
    In addition to the hidden object scenes, which were characteristic for the first title of the Ravenhearst series, the publishers have “added a graphic adventure component that allows players to explore and interact with the world of Ravenhearst like never before”.[23] It is now possible to move through the Ravenhearst manor, the surrounding estate and collected items interact with the environment. Puzzles and hidden object scenes are integrated into the different locations throughout the game. These scenes are tagged with frequent twinkles to attract the player’s interest. Return to Ravenhearst is the first installment of the Mystery Case Files series where “haunting performances from live actors” are used.[24]
    Mystery Case Files: Dire Grove is the sixth installment that was released in December 2009, with its first release one month earlier on November 25 as a Collector’s Edition. It follows the events of four missing graduate students led by Alison Sterling (Davie-Blue Bacich) who travel to a small township near Blackpool, England.[26][27][28][29][30]
    Mystery Case Files: 13th Skull is the seventh installment and had its first release in November 2010 as a Collector’s Edition. It follows the disappearance of Marcus Lawson after moving into a creepy mansion in Louisiana. His daughter, Magnolia, believes her father was kidnapped by the ghost of a vengeful pirate seeking to protect his lost fortune.[33][34][35][36][37]
    Mystery Case Files: Escape From Ravenhearst is the eighth installment of the Mystery Case Files franchise and was released in November 2011 as a Collector’s Edition. Some residents in Blackpool, England have gone missing around Ravenhearst Manor and the player, the Master Detective must return to the fire-ravaged manor and search for the missing residents. This game is the third installment in the “Ravenhearst” story arc.
    Mystery Case Files: Shadow Lake is the ninth installment in the series and was the last to be released by Big Fish Studios. Shadow Lake was released in November 2012, and features actress Lea Thompson as Cassandra Williams, a psychic medium who helps the Master Detective solve puzzles while they investigate the mysterious destruction of a ghost town.[39][40]
    Mystery Case Files: Fate’s Carnival is the tenth installment of the series and the first to be released by developer Elephant Games. Fate’s Carnival was released in November 2013, and returns the player to Madame Fate’s carnival, previously featured in the series’ fourth installment, Madame Fate. Exploring the carnival vicinity with the help of Isis the cat, the game incorporates characters featured in previous games, as well as introducing new ones.
    All About Casual Game gave it a 4.5 out of 5 rating, and called it a “remarkable” carnival experience that the players will not forget.[42] The game was voted the “Talk of the Town” game by All About Casual Game readers for the Best of 2013 awards event.[43]
    Mystery Case Files: Dire Grove, Sacred Grove is the eleventh installment of the Mystery Case Files franchise and was the last to be released by developer Elephant Games. Dire Grove, Sacred Grove was released in November 2014, and returns the player to the fictional township of Dire Grove, previously explored in the sixth installment of the same name.[44] https://drive.google.com/file/d/191BXcMbrmcV7jh79X1aM_cN_GO2xpFE5/view
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